A hernia occurs when an organ or internal tissue breaks through a hole in the muscles. Hernia repair surgery involves returning the displaced tissues to their proper position. There are a few different types of hernia which have an impact on how these hernias are treated. These are:
Reducible hernia: When the hernia can be pushed back into the opening it came through.
Irreducible or incarcerated hernia: When the organ or abdominal tissues have filled the hernia sac, and it cannot be pushed back through the hole it came through.
Strangulated hernia: When part of an organ or tissue becomes stuck inside the hernia with its blood supply often cut off.
The two types of hernia repair surgery are:
Herniorrhaphy
This method involves making a long incision directly over the hernia and then using surgical tools to open the cut enough to access it. The surgeon stitches the sides of the muscle opening or hole through which the hernia protruded. Once the wound has been sterilized, it is stitched shut.
Hernioplasty
In hernioplasty, instead of stitching the muscle opening shut, the surgeon covers it with a flat, sterile mesh, usually made of flexible plastics. The surgeon makes small cuts around the hole in the shape of the mesh and then stitches the patch into the healthy, intact surrounding tissues.
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